Glycine max is a ANNUAL growing to 0.6 m .
It is hardy to zone 8. It is in flower from July to September. The species is hermaphrodite and is pollinated by Insects.
It can fix Nitrogen.
Suitable for: light and medium soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers moist soil.
A fairly easily-grown plant, it grows best in a sunny position on fertile, well-drained soils, but does tolerate a wide range of soil conditions. Soybeans will brow better than many crops on soils that are low in fertility, droughty or poorly drained. Prefers a well-drained sandy soil. Prefers a slightly acid soil. Soya does not grow well in a wet climate, nor will it withstand excessive heat or severe cold winters. The plant has been reported to tolerate an annual precipitation in the range of 31 to 410cm , an annual mean temperature range of 5.9 to 27°C and a pH in the range of 4.3 to 8.4 . Soya is one of the most widely cultivated plants in the world, being grown for its oil and protein rich edible seed, there are many named varieties. A subtropical plant, but its cultivation extends from the tropics to as far north as latitude 52°N. The species, and most of its cultivars, is a short-day plant and does not flower or set seed unless the daylight hours are less than 13 hours per day. There are three basic types of soya bean, those with green seeds are considered to be the most tender and best flavoured and are the type best suited for northern climates. Black seeded forms are normally used dried and yellow seeded forms are used for making soya milk, flour etc. The plant requires a hot summer with a mean July temperature between 16 and 18°c and a dry autumn if it is to do well in Britain, though it is as hardy as the runner bean, Phaseolus coccineus. The best crops outdoors in Britain are obtained if the plants are started off in a greenhouse and planted out in late spring although a direct sowing outdoors in early May can succeed in good summers but yields will then normally be low. Many cultivars will not flower in the shorter days of late summer in the northern hemisphere and so are not suitable for growing in Britain. Some botanists separate the cultivated forms of soya from this species and call them G. soja. Sieb.&Zucc. This species has a symbiotic relationship with certain soil bacteria, these bacteria form nodules on the roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Some of this nitrogen is utilized by the growing plant but some can also be used by other plants growing nearby. Soybean soils must contain the proper nitrogen-fixing bacteria. When grown on the same land for 2 - 3 successive years, increasing yields are obtained year after year. Seed can be purchased that has been treated with this rhizobium, it is unnecessary on soils with a pH below 5.5 but can be helpful on other soils. When removing plant remains at the end of the growing season, it is best to only remove the aerial parts of the plant, leaving the roots in the ground to decay and release their nitrogen. Research at the University of Illinois has crossed Glycine max with Glycine tomentella which could lead to the production of a perennial edible soybean .
HabitatsLowland thicketsHabitatsC. and S. Japan.
HabitatsCultivated Beds
HabitatsCultivated Beds
Resources
4 PMDG bean BSM Kenya July2013
LOSE LESS, FEED MORE Plantwise is a CABI-led global initiative.
Kalrohttp://www.kalro.org/emimi/sites/default/files/4_PMDG-bean-BSM-Kenya-July2013.p…4 PMDG bean BSM Kenya July2013
LOSE LESS, FEED MORE Plantwise is a CABI-led global initiative.
Kalrohttp://www.kalro.org/emimi/sites/default/files/4_PMDG-bean-BSM-Kenya-July2013.p…564 How to inoculate with Nodumax
Measure 10 kg of legume seed.
Place in a plastic container that will
accommodate the seeds. Dissolve gum Arabic in the sachet inhttp://africasoilhealth.cabi.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/564-How-to-in…564 How to inoculate with Nodumax564 How to inoculate with Nodumax
Measure 10 kg of legume seed.
Africa soil health consortiumhttp://africasoilhealth.cabi.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/564-How-to-in…
Place in a plastic container that will
accommodate the seeds. Dissolve gum Arabic in the sachet in
100mls of warm water. Allow the gum564 How to inoculate with Nodumax
Measure 10 kg of legume seed.
Africa soil health consortiumhttp://africasoilhealth.cabi.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/564-How-to-in…
Place in a plastic container that will
accommodate the seeds. Dissolve gum Arabic in the sachet in
100mls of warm water. Allow the gum
Major pests
- Abutilon theophrasti
Acanthospermum australe
Acanthospermum hispidum
Acherontia styx
Adelphocoris lineolatus
Adoretus sinicus
Agallia depleta
Ageratum conyzoides
Agrotis ipsilon
Agrotis malefida
Agrotis segetum
Aleurodicus dispersus
Alfalfa mosaic virus
Amaranthus albus
Amaranthus blitoides
Amaranthus blitum
Amaranthus hybridus
Amaranthus retroflexus
Amaranthus spinosus
Amaranthus tuberculatus
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Ambrosia trifida
Amrasca
Amrasca biguttula biguttula
Amsacta moorei
Anomala rufocuprea
Anticarsia gemmatalis
Aphis glycines
Aproaerema modicella
Archips micaceanus
Arion hortensis
Aristastoma camarographioides
Aristastoma guttulosum
Arkoola nigra
Artemisia biennis
Asclepias syriaca
Aspergillus niger
Athelia rolfsii
Aulacorthum solani
Autographa gamma
Bean golden mosaic virus
Bean pod mottle virus
Bean yellow mosaic virus
Belonolaimus longicaudatus
Bemisia tabaci
Bidens pilosa
Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus
Boeremia exigua var. exigua
Borreria latifolia
Brachyomus tuberculatus
Broad bean wilt virus
Cadophora gregata
Cadra cautella
Caliothrips indicus
Callosobruchus analis
Callosobruchus chinensis
Callosobruchus maculatus
Caloptilia soyella
Candidatus Phytoplasma costaricanum
Cardiospermum halicacabum
Celosia argentea
Cenchrus echinatus
Cercospora kikuchii
Ceresa minor
Ceresa vitulus
Cerotoma arcuata
Cerotoma ruficornis
Cerotoma trifurcata
Chalara elegans
Chamomilla recutita
Chenopodium album
Chinavia hilaris
Chinavia marginata
Chinavia pallidoconspersa
Choanephora cucurbitarum
Chondracris rosea
Chrysodeixis chalcites
Chrysodeixis includens
Cirsium arvense
Clanis bilineata
Colaspis brunnea
Colaspis louisianae
Colletotrichum dematium
Colletotrichum destructivum
Colletotrichum truncatum
Commelina benghalensis
Commelina diffusa
Coniothyrium glycines
Conocephalus saltator
Conyza canadensis
Corigetus sieversi
Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus
Cowpea mild mottle virus
Cowpea severe mosaic virus
Crocidosema aporema
Cryptophlebia ombrodelta
Cucumber mosaic virus
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens
Cydia fabivora
Cynodon dactylon
Cyperus esculentus
Cyphonia clavata
Datura stramonium
Dectes texanus
Deroceras reticulatum
Diabrotica balteata
Diabrotica capitata
Diabrotica speciosa
Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora
Diaporthe phaseolorum var. meridionalis
Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae
Digitaria ciliaris
Digitaria sanguinalis
Digitaria velutina
Dioxyna sororcula
Ditylenchus destructor
Dociostaurus maroccanus
Dysdercus immarqinatus
Echinochloa colona
Echinochloa crus-galli
Edessa meditabunda
Elasmopalpus lignosellus
Eleusine indica
Epicauta gorhami
Epilachna varivestis
Eragrostis cilianensis
Eragrostis japonica
Erysiphe diffusa
Erythrogonia quadriguttata
Etiella zinckenella
Eucorynus crassicornis
Euphorbia helioscopia
Euphorbia heterophylla
Euphorbia hirta
Euphorbia hypericifolia
Euschistus atrox
Euschistus heros
Euschistus servus
Euschistus tristigmus
Fallopia convolvulus
Frankliniella
Frankliniella fusca
Frankliniella intonsa
Frankliniella schultzei
Fusarium tucumaniae
Fusarium virguliforme
Galinsoga parviflora
Gibberella zeae
Gonocephalum
Gonocephalum macleayi
Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa
Halyomorpha halys
Helicotylenchus dihystera
Helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa punctigera
Helicoverpa zea
Heliothis virescens
Heliotropium europaeum
Heliotropium indicum
Heterodera glycines
Hibiscus trionum
Hippelates pruinosus
Homona coffearia
Hoplolaimus seinhorsti
Hortensia similis
Indonesian soybean dwarf virus
Iva xanthiifolia
Japanagromyza tristella
Lampides boeticus
Leguminivora glycinivorella
Leptochloa chinensis
Liriomyza trifolii
Longidorus
Loxostege sticticalis
Ludwigia octovalvis
Lygus rugulipennis
Maconellicoccus hirsutus
Macrophomina phaseolina
Mamestra brassicae
Maruca vitrata
Megacopta cribraria
Megalurothrips distalis
Megalurothrips usitatus
Melanagromyza dolichostigma
Melanagromyza sojae
Melochia corchorifolia
Meloidogyne arenaria
Meloidogyne enterolobii
Meloidogyne hapla
Mesophleps palpigera
Metcalfa pruinosa
Metopia argyrocephala
Milk vetch dwarf virus
Mimosa pudica
Mocis undata
Murdannia nudiflora
Mus musculus domesticus
Naupactus xanthographus
Nematospora coryli
Neocosmospora vasinfecta var. vasinfecta
Nezara viridula
Nicandra physalodes
Omiodes diemenalis
Omiodes indicata
Oncometopia obtusa
Ophiomyia centrosematis
Orgyia postica
Oxalis latifolia
Panicum repens
Paratrichodorus minor
Passalora sojina
Passion fruit woodiness virus
Peanut mottle virus
Peanut stunt virus
Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum
Pennisetum polystachion
Peronospora manshurica
Phaedonia inclusa
Phakopsora meibomiae
Phakopsora pachyrhizi
Phlugis teres
Phomopsis longicolla
Phyllophaga
Phymatotrichopsis omnivora
Physalis angulata
Phytophthora cryptogea
Phytophthora macrochlamydospora
Phytophthora sansomeana
Phytophthora sojae
Piezodorus guildinii
Polygonum aviculare
Polygonum hydropiper
Polygonum lapathifolium
Polygonum persicaria
Popillia japonica
Pratylenchus brachyurus
Pratylenchus penetrans
Pseudocercospora griseola
Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. glycinea
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci
Pythium aphanidermatum
Pythium ultimum
Quail pea mosaic virus
Rachiplusia nu
Raphanus raphanistrum
Riptortus
Riptortus clavatus
Riptortus dentipes
Riptortus linearis
Rottboellia cochinchinensis
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Scaphytopius fuligrinosus
Scirtothrips dorsalis
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Scutellonema brachyurus
Senecio vulgaris
Senna obtusifolia
Senna occidentalis
Septogloeum sojae
Septoria glycines
Setaria faberi
Setaria parviflora
Setaria pumila
Setaria verticillata
Setaria viridis
Sibovia occatoria
Sigmodon hispidus
Solanum carolinense
Solanum nigrum
Solenopsis geminata
Sorghum halepense
Soybean chlorotic mottle virus
Soybean crinkle leaf virus
Soybean dwarf virus
Soybean mosaic virus
Soybean phyllody phytoplasma
Soybean vein necrosis virus
Soybean vein necrosis-associated virus
Soybean yellow common mosaic virus
Soybean yellow mottle mosaic virus
Soybean yellow vein virus
Sphenorhina rubra
Spodoptera albula
Spodoptera frugiperda
Spodoptera littoralis
Spodoptera litura
Stemphylium vesicarium
Systena s-littera
Tagetes minuta
Taraxacum officinale complex
Tetranychus kanzawai
Tetranychus marianae
Tetranychus pacificus
Tetranychus urticae
Thanatephorus cucumeris
Thrips palmi
Thysanoplusia orichalcea
Tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco ringspot virus
Tobacco streak virus
Tomato spotted wilt virus
Trichodorus
Tridax procumbens
Tylenchorhynchus acutus
Tylenchorhynchus claytoni
Urochloa decumbens
Urochloa plantaginea
Urochloa platyphylla
Urochloa reptans
Uromyces appendiculatus
Verticillium nigrescens
Xanthium spinosum
Xanthium strumarium
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. alfalfae
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines
Xanthomonas campestris pv. cannabis
Xiphinema
Xiphinema americanum
Minor pests
- Acalymma vittatum
Acarus siro
Achaea janata
Achatina fulica
Acronicta rumicis
Acyrthosiphon pisum
African cassava mosaic virus
Ageratum enation virus
Alectra vogelii
Amblypelta lutescens
Anagallis arvensis
Aphasmatylenchus straturatus
Aphelenchoides besseyi
Aphis fabae
Aphis gossypii
Aphis spiraecola
Aspergillus flavus
Astylus atromaculatus
Atherigona orientalis
Avena fatua
Bean common mosaic necrosis virus
Beet western yellows virus yellows
Botryotinia fuckeliana
Botrytis fabae
Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris
Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii
Cassava mosaic disease
Chaetocnema confinis
Chrysodeixis eriosoma
Clavigralla tomentosicollis
Cleome rutidosperma
Clonostachys rosea
Clover yellow vein virus
Cochliobolus heterostrophus
Cochliobolus lunatus
Cochliobolus sativus
Colletotrichum coccodes
Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
Conyza bonariensis
Corchorus hirtus
Cotton leaf curl virus
Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus
Crypticerya genistae
Cuscuta campestris
Cyclocephala flavipennis
Cyperus rotundus
Cyrtozemia dispar
Dactyloctenium aegyptium
Delia platura
Diabrotica barberi
Diabrotica undecimpunctata
Diabrotica virgifera virgifera
Ditylenchus africanus
East African cassava mosaic virus
Emex australis
Emilia sonchifolia
Ephestia kuehniella
Etiella hobsoni
Fimbristylis littoralis
Fusarium oxysporum
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. tracheiphilum
Fusarium proliferatum
Fusarium sporotrichioides
Galium aparine
Gibberella avenacea
Gibberella thapsina
Globisporangium irregulare
Glomerella cingulata
Hadula trifolii
Haematonectria haematococca
Helianthus ciliaris
Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus
Heterodera goettingiana
Holotrichia serrata
Hoplolaimus magnistylus
Hypera zoilus
Imperata cylindrica
Ipomoea triloba
Ischaemum timorense
Languria mozardi
Lasiodiplodia theobromae
Lolium multiflorum
Lygus lineolaris
Meloidogyne ethiopica
Meloidogyne graminicola
Meloidogyne luci
Meloidogyne mayaguensis
Merremia cissoides
Mimosa diplotricha
Momordica charantia
Mungbean yellow mosaic virus
Mythimna separata
Myzus persicae
Naupactus leucoloma
Naupactus minor
Naupactus peregrinus
Naupactus tremolerasi
Olpidium brassicae
Ophiomyia phaseoli
Osmilia flavolineata
Ostrinia nubilalis
Paratrichodorus porosus
Peanut stripe virus
Pectobacterium atrosepticum
Penicillium digitatum
Phenacoccus manihoti
Piezodorus hybneri
Planococcus citri
Platynota stultana
Portulaca oleracea
Pratylenchus thornei
Pseudococcus viburni
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas cichorii
Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola
Pseudomonas viridiflava
Pythium myriotylum
Pythium schmitthenneri
Pythium selbyi
Pythium violae
Rhamphicarpa fistulosa
Rhodococcus fascians
Rhyssomatus nigerrimus
Rhyssomatus subtilis
Sicyos angulatus
Sitona cylindricollis
Solenopsis invicta
Sonchus oleraceus
Southern bean mosaic virus
Spilarctia obliqua
Spodoptera eridania
Spodoptera exigua
Tenebrio molitor
Tetraneura nigriabdominalis
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
Thlaspi arvense
Tribolium castaneum
Trichoplusia ni
Verticillium dahliae
Waitea circinata
Xiphinema ifacolum