Sorghum bicolor is a ANNUAL growing to 5 m at a fast rate.
It is hardy to zone 8. It is in flower from August to October, and the seeds ripen from September to October. The species is hermaphrodite and is pollinated by Wind.
Suitable for: light , medium and heavy soils. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought.
A fairly easily grown plant, though it is on the edges of its climatic zone in Britain. It requires a warm, sheltered and sunny position, preferring a slightly to moderately acid soil, though some cultivars have succeeded with a pH as high as 8. Plants are adapted to a wide range of soils varying from light loams to heavy clays, they thrive best on light, easily worked soils of high fertility, with moderate to high availablility of water. Moderately well-drained soils are suitable for sorghums. Small amounts of alkali in sand reduces performance considerably. Plants are moderatley tolerant of saline soils. Established plants are very drought resistant, they succeed in arid soils. A nitrogen rich soil causes the plants to lodge. Plants are reported to tolerate an annual precipitation in the range of 20 to 410cm, an annual temperature in the range of 7.8 to 27.8°C and a pH of 4.3 to 8.7. Sorghum is widely cultivated in tropical and warm temperate zones for its edible seed, as well as for its panicles and the syrup obtained from its sap. Yields of around 6 tonnes per hectare have been achieved, though yields as low as 200 kilos have been reported - yields below 2 tonnes are not considered financially viable.There are many named varieties. Some cultivars are short-day plants and are unlikely to produce flowers and seed away from the tropical zone. Plants are adapted to tropical and subtropical summer rainfall climates with rainfall from 25 - 125 cm annually, they are of little importance in more humid areas with higher rainfall. It is grown in Britain as a tender bedding plant but requires a long hot summer if it is to ripen its seed here. In warmer climates it takes 3 months from sowing to seed harvest.
HabitatsNot known in the wild.HabitatsCultivated Beds
HabitatsCultivated Beds
Resources
Charcoal rot of sweet sorghum
Cabi Plantwise Knowledge BankDowny mildew of sweet sorghum
Cabi Plantwise Knowledge BankGrain mold disease of sweet sorghum
Cabi Plantwise Knowledge BankGrowNote Sorghum North 04 Physiology
THE SORGHUM PLANT | PLANT GROWTH STAGES
NORTHERN
SECTION 4
PLANT GROWTH
AND PHYSIOLOGY
FEBRUARY 2017
SORGHUM
https://grdc.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0030/370596/GrowNote-Sorghum-North-0…GrowNote Sorghum North 04 PhysiologyGrowNote Sorghum North 04 Physiology
THE SORGHUM PLANT | PLANT GROWTH STAGES
GRDC
NORTHERN
SECTION 4
PLANT GROWTH
AND PHYSIOLOGY
FEBRUARY 2017
SORGHUM1 Plant growth anD PhysIologyGrowNote Sorghum North 0A Introduction
AGRONOMY AT A GLANCE | CROP OVERVIEW | KEYWORDS
NORTHERN
SECTION A
INTRODUCTION
FEBRUARY 2017
SORGHUM
xvi IntroDuCtIonhttps://grdc.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0026/370592/GrowNote-Sorghum-North-0…GrowNote Sorghum North 0A Introduction
Major pests
- Acanthoplus discoidalis
Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae
Adoretus compressus
Ageratum conyzoides
Agrotis ipsilon
Agrotis malefida
Agrypnus variabilis
Alphitobius laevigatus
Alternanthera sessilis
Amaranthus hybridus
Amaranthus retroflexus
Amaranthus spinosus
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Amsacta albistriga
Araecerus fasciculatus
Argemone mexicana
Argemone ochroleuca
Asclepias syriaca
Ascochyta sorghi
Athelia rolfsii
Atherigona atripalpis
Atherigona orientalis
Atherigona soccata
Atta
Balansia oryzae-sativae
Balclutha rosea
Bipolaris sorghicola
Blastobasis graminea
Blissus leucopterus
Brevennia rehi
Burkholderia andropogonis
Busseola fusca
Cadra cautella
Carpophilus
Carpophilus mutilatus
Celosia argentea
Cenchrus echinatus
Cercospora sorghi
Chenopodium album
Chenopodium murale
Chilo auricilius
Chilo partellus
Chilo sacchariphagus
Chilo spp.
Chilo suppressalis
Chinavia pallidoconspersa
Chloris virgata
Choanephora cucurbitarum
Chrysodeixis includens
Cirsium arvense
Cirsium vulgare
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis
Claviceps africana
Claviceps purpurea
Claviceps sorghi
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis
Cochliobolus lunatus
Cochliobolus sativus
Cofana spectra
Colletotrichum graminicola
Colletotrichum sublineolum
Commelina benghalensis
Commelina diffusa
Conogethes punctiferalis
Corcyra cephalonica
Criconemella
Cryptolestes ferrugineus
Cryptolestes pusillus
Cyperus esculentus
Datura stramonium
Desmostachya bipinnata
Diabolocatantops axillaris
Diatraea grandiosella
Diatraea lineolata
Dickeya zeae
Digitaria ciliaris
Digitaria sanguinalis
Drymaria cordata
Echinochloa crus-galli
Elasmopalpus lignosellus
Eleusine indica
Enterobacter dissolvens
Euphorbia hirta
Eurygaster integriceps
Galinsoga parviflora
Gibberella fujikuroi
Gibberella zeae
Gloeocercospora sorghi
Gonocephalum
Gonocephalum macleayi
Helicotylenchus dihystera
Helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa fletcheri
Helicoverpa zea
Heliotropium europaeum
Hibiscus trionum
Hieroglyphus banian
Holotrichia serrata
Hoplolaimus seinhorsti
Ipomoea triloba
Liposcelis bostrychophila
Liposcelis entomophila
Liposcelis paeta
Locusta migratoria
Longidorus
Loxostege sticticalis
Macrophomina phaseolina
Maize dwarf mosaic virus
Maize streak virus
Maize stripe virus
Marasmia trapezalis
Melanaphis sacchari
Mimosa pudica
Mocis latipes
Mus musculus domesticus
Mycosphaerella holci
Mythimna separata
Nicandra physalodes
Nola sorghiella
Nomadacris septemfasciata
Oebalus pugnax
Oryzaephilus surinamensis
Ostrinia furnacalis
Ostrinia nubilalis
Oxya chinensis
Pachnoda interrupta
Paratrichodorus minor
Paratrichodorus porosus
Parthenium hysterophorus
Patanga succincta
Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum
Pennisetum polystachion
Peregrinus maidis
Perichares philetes subsp. dolores
Periconia circinata
Peronosclerospora sorghi
Phaenacantha saccharicida
Phyllophaga
Phyllophaga helleri
Podontia quattuordecimpunctata
Pratylenchus zeae
Pseudomonas syringae pv. lapsa
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae
Puccinia purpurea
Pythium ultimum
Quelea quelea
Ramulispora sorghi
Rhopalosiphum maidis
Rhytidolomia ligata
Rhyzopertha dominica
Riptortus dentipes
Rottboellia cochinchinensis
Rotylenchulus parvus
Saccharum spontaneum
Schistocerca gregaria
Schizaphis graminum
Sclerophthora macrospora
Senna obtusifolia
Septoria pertusa
Sesamia calamistis
Sesamia cretica
Sesamia inferens
Setaria verticillata
Setaria viridis
Setosphaeria turcica
Sida acuta
Sipha flava
Sitobion miscanthi
Sitophilus oryzae
Sitophilus zeamais
Sitotroga cerealella
Solanum elaeagnifolium
Solanum nigrum
Solenopsis geminata
Sorghum halepense
Sphacelotheca reiliana
Spodoptera albula
Spodoptera exempta
Spodoptera frugiperda
Spodoptera littoralis
Spodoptera litura
Sporisorium cruentum
Sporisorium sorghi
Stenachroia elongella
Stenodiplosis sorghicola
Stenotus rubrovittatus
Striga angustifolia
Striga asiatica
Striga densiflora
Striga hermonthica
Synedrella nodiflora
Tagetes minuta
Tenebroides mauritanicus
Tetraneura nigriabdominalis
Thanatephorus cucumeris
Thaumatotibia leucotreta
Trianthema portulacastrum
Tribolium castaneum
Tribolium confusum
Tribulus terrestris
Trichodorus
Tridax procumbens
Trogoderma granarium
Tylenchorhynchus acutus
Typhaea stercorea
Urochloa panicoides
Xanthium strumarium
Xanthomonas vasicola pv. holcicola
Xiphinema americanum
Xiphinema rivesi
Minor pests
- Abutilon theophrasti
Acanthospermum hispidum
Acarus siro
Adoretus versutus
Aleurodicus dispersus
Alternaria alternata
Amrasca biguttula biguttula
Amsacta moorei
Aphelenchoides arachidis
Aphis spiraecola
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus niger
Astylus atromaculatus
Atherigona naqvii
Atherigona oryzae
Avena fatua
Barley yellow dwarf viruses
Brachycaudus helichrysi
Chilo infuscatellus
Chnootriba similis
Cicadulina mbila
Cochliobolus heterostrophus
Cryptoblabes gnidiella
Curvularia
Cyperus rotundus
Dactyloctenium aegyptium
Diabrotica balteata
Diabrotica speciosa
Diaprepes abbreviatus
Diatraea saccharalis
Dickeya chrysanthemi
Dimorphopterus
Ditylenchus africanus
Eldana saccharina
Emex australis
Emilia sonchifolia
Ephestia kuehniella
Fimbristylis littoralis
Gibberella thapsina
Glomerella tucumanensis
Haematonectria haematococca
Helianthus ciliaris
Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus
Heliothis virescens
Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans
Heterodera zeae
Heteronychus licas
Hoplolaimus indicus
Hoplolaimus pararobustus
Hyalopterus pruni
Lasiodiplodia theobromae
Leptoglossus zonatus
Ludwigia hyssopifolia
Maize chlorotic dwarf virus
Maize mosaic virus
Maize yellow mosaic virus
Marasmia exigua
Marasmia patnalis
Melanitis leda ismene
Melanotus communis
Meloidogyne acronea
Meloidogyne graminicola
Metamasius hemipterus
Metopolophium festucae
Momordica charantia
Mythimna loreyi
Naranga diffusa
Nezara viridula
Oedaleus senegalensis
Pantoea agglomerans
Pantoea ananatis
Pelopidas mathias
Penicillium digitatum
Perkinsiella vastatrix
Peronosclerospora philippinensis
Petrobia latens
Platynota stultana
Polygonum aviculare
Polymyxa graminis
Pratylenchus brachyurus
Pratylenchus goodeyi
Pratylenchus loosi
Pratylenchus penetrans
Pratylenchus thornei
Prostephanus truncatus
Pseudomonas fuscovaginae
Pseudomonas viridiflava
Pyrilla perpusilla
Pythium arrhenomanes
Pythium myriotylum
Rhamphicarpa fistulosa
Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis
Rice black-streaked dwarf virus
Richardia brasiliensis
Saccharicoccus sacchari
Sarocladium oryzae
Sarocladium strictum
Scutellonema brachyurus
Scutellonema bradys
Sesamia nonagrioides
Setaria parviflora
Sipha maydis
Sitophilus granarius
Solenopsis invicta
Sonchus arvensis
Sonchus oleraceus
Striga aspera
Sugarcane mosaic virus
Sugarcane yellow leaf virus
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
Tithonia diversifolia
Trichoconiella padwickii
Trichoplusia ni