Vigna unguiculata is a ANNUAL growing to 0.5 m .
It is frost tender. It is in flower from July to September, and the seeds ripen from August to October. The species is hermaphrodite and is pollinated by Insects.
It can fix Nitrogen.
Suitable for: light and medium soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers moist soil.
Requires a very warm sunny position in a moist but well drained soil. Often cultivated for its edible seed in warm temperate and tropical zones, it is best started off in a greenhouse in Britain and planted out after the last expected frosts. Plants have given reasonable yields for the past 3 years on our trial grounds in Cornwall . This species has a symbiotic relationship with certain soil bacteria, these bacteria form nodules on the roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Some of this nitrogen is utilized by the growing plant but some can also be used by other plants growing nearby. When removing plant remains at the end of the growing season, it is best to only remove the aerial parts of the plant, leaving the roots in the ground to decay and release their nitrogen.
HabitatsNot knownResources
26. Production and postharvest activities for fonio
9-5 FONIO African Organic Agriculture Training Manual A Resource Manual for Trainers Draft Version 2.0 March 2013 Ready for fi eld testing African Organic Agriculture Training Manual CONTENTS 1.
Organic Africahttps://www.organic-africa.net/fileadmin/documents-africamanual/training-manual…26. Production and postharvest activities for fonio
9-5 FONIO African Organic Agriculture Training Manual A Resource Manual for Trainers Draft Version 2.0 March 2013 Ready for fi eld testing African Organic Agriculture Training Manual CONTENTS 1.
https://www.organic-africa.net/fileadmin/documents-africamanual/training-manual…26. Production and postharvest activities for fonio26. Production and postharvest activities for fonio
9-5 FONIO African Organic Agriculture Training Manual A Resource Manual for Trainers Draft Version 2.0 March 2013 Ready for fi eld testing African Organic Agriculture Training Manual CONTENTS 1.
Organic Africahttps://www.organic-africa.net/fileadmin/documents-africamanual/training-manual…30. Production and postharvest activities for fonio
AgriGuide
Agriguide.orghttp://www.agriguide.org/agriguide/files/etic_agriguide_en_20120830.pdf
E-TIC
E-TIC Sahel InfoHubs
Senegal and Mali
Initiative de
Avec le soutien de
ICVolunteers30. Production and postharvest activities for fonio
AgriGuide
E-TIC
E-TIC Sahel InfoHubs
Senegal and MaliInitiative de
Avec le soutien de
http://www.agriguide.org/agriguide/files/etic_agriguide_en_20120830.pdf30. Production and postharvest activities for fonio30. Production and postharvest activities for fonio
AgriGuide
Agriguide.orghttp://www.agriguide.org/agriguide/files/etic_agriguide_en_20120830.pdf
E-TIC
E-TIC Sahel InfoHubs
Senegal and Mali
Initiative de
Avec le soutien de
ICVolunteers
Major pests
- Achyranthes aspera
Ageratum conyzoides
Agrius convolvuli
Agrotis ipsilon
Alcidodes leucogrammus
Alectra vogelii
Alfalfa mosaic virus
Amaranthus spinosus
Amata passalis
Amrasca biguttula biguttula
Amsacta moorei
Anomala cupripes
Anomala pallida
Anoplocnemis phasiana
Anticarsia gemmatalis
Aphis craccivora
Autographa nigrisigna
Bean leafroll virus
Bean yellow mosaic virus
Beet curly top virus
Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus
Boeremia exigua var. exigua
Boerhavia diffusa
Broad bean wilt virus
Callosobruchus
Callosobruchus analis
Callosobruchus chinensis
Callosobruchus maculatus
Callosobruchus phaseoli
Caloptilia soyella
Cercospora canescens
Chalara elegans
Chauliops bisontula
Chinavia pallidoconspersa
Choanephora cucurbitarum
Clavigralla elongata
Clavigralla tomentosicollis
Colletotrichum truncatum
Commelina benghalensis
Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus
Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus
Cowpea golden mosaic virus
Cowpea mild mottle virus
Cowpea mosaic virus
Cowpea mottle virus
Cowpea severe mosaic virus
Cowpea stunt virus
Cryptophlebia ombrodelta
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens
Digitaria ciliaris
Dysmicoccus neobrevipes
Elasmopalpus lignosellus
Epilachna pusillanima
Epilachna varivestis
Erysiphe diffusa
Euchrysops cnejus
Euphorbia heterophylla
Euproctis scintillans
Ferrisia virgata
Frankliniella fusca
Frankliniella schultzei
Fundella pellucens
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. tracheiphilum
Galinsoga parviflora
Gibberella fujikuroi
Helicotylenchus dihystera
Helicoverpa armigera
Heterodera cajani
Homona coffearia
Hoplolaimus seinhorsti
Lampides boeticus
Liriomyza trifolii
Macrophomina phaseolina
Maruca vitrata
Medythia suturalis
Megalurothrips distalis
Megalurothrips sjostedti
Megalurothrips usitatus
Meloidogyne arenaria
Meloidogyne ethiopica
Nezara viridula
Omiodes diemenalis
Omiodes indicata
Ootheca bennigseni
Orgyia turbata
Orobanche
Paratrichodorus minor
Peanut mottle virus
Peanut stunt virus
Phakopsora pachyrhizi
Phyllophaga
Phytophthora vignae
Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata
Pseudomonas syringae pv. eriobotryae
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae
Pythium aphanidermatum
Riptortus
Riptortus clavatus
Riptortus dentipes
Riptortus pedestris
Rottboellia cochinchinensis
Rotylenchulus parvus
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Scutellonema bradys
Senecio vulgaris
Sida acuta
Southern bean mosaic virus
Soybean chlorotic mottle virus
Spermacoce verticillata
Spodoptera eridania
Spodoptera littoralis
Spodoptera litura
Striga gesnerioides
Sunn-hemp mosaic virus
Thanatephorus cucumeris
Thrips palmi
Tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco streak virus
Tomato spotted wilt virus
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vignicola
Minor pests
- Acanthoscelides obtectus
Achatina fulica
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Adoretus versutus
Aphasmatylenchus straturatus
Aphis gossypii
Aphis spiraecola
Aspergillus flavus
Aspidiotus destructor
Astylus atromaculatus
Bactrocera cucurbitae
Bean common mosaic necrosis virus
Bean common mosaic virus
Belonolaimus longicaudatus
Bemisia tabaci
Cadra cautella
Caliothrips indicus
Carpophilus
Cerotoma trifurcata
Chinavia hilaris
Cochliobolus heterostrophus
Cochliobolus lunatus
Cochliobolus sativus
Colletotrichum capsici
Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
Corcyra cephalonica
Corynespora cassiicola
Cucumber mosaic virus
Curvularia australiensis
Cylas puncticollis
Dactyloctenium aegyptium
Diaphania indica
Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae
Didymella rabiei
Ditylenchus africanus
Etiella zinckenella
Faba bean necrotic yellows virus
Fusarium oxysporum
Glomerella cingulata
Haematonectria haematococca
Helicotylenchus multicinctus
Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus
Helicoverpa punctigera
Helicoverpa zea
Hemicycliophora arenaria
Hilda patruelis
Hoplolaimus indicus
Hoplolaimus pararobustus
Hypomeces squamosus
Iris yellow spot virus
Lasiodiplodia theobromae
Melanagromyza obtusa
Melanagromyza sojae
Mycosphaerella cruenta
Myzus persicae
Oedaleus senegalensis
Ophiomyia centrosematis
Ophiomyia phaseoli
Peanut stripe virus
Phakopsora meibomiae
Phenacoccus solani
Phoma pinodella
Phomopsis longicolla
Platynota stultana
Podosphaera xanthii
Pratylenchus brachyurus
Pratylenchus loosi
Pratylenchus penetrans
Pratylenchus thornei
Pseudocercospora griseola
Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci
Pseudomonas viridiflava
Pythium myriotylum
Scutellonema brachyurus
Scutellonema clathricaudatum
Senna obtusifolia
Sitophilus oryzae
Spodoptera exigua
Spodoptera frugiperda
Spodoptera mauritia acronyctoides
Synedrella nodiflora
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
Thysanoplusia orichalcea
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus
Tribulus terrestris
Trichoplusia ni
Tridax procumbens
Trogoderma granarium
Urd bean leaf crinkle virus
Uromyces appendiculatus
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli
Xiphinema ifacolum
Zabrotes subfasciatus