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Ascomata hypophyllous, partially immersed, globose, reddish-brown, 200-350 µm diameter. Beak central, erect, 100-250 x 60-130 µm. Asci oblong, with tapering base and apical ring, 8-spored, (65-)78-80(-95) x 10-13 µm, free in ascoma at maturity. Periphyses clavate, 3-4 µ m thick. Ascospores biseriate, hyaline, 15-20 x 4-6 µ m, 1-septate, the lower cell much smaller, the upper cell usually biguttulate.

Recoginition

Leaves will show yellow to red leaf spots not restricted by leaf veins, often coalescing and turning brown. Affected leaves readily wither, curl up, and fall prematurely in the summer or remain on the tree through winter. Pycnidia, containing filiform conidia, form in the spots during the summer, and beaked perithecia develop in the leaves on the tree and on the ground in the autumn.

Related invasive species

  • Apiognomonia erythrostoma

Related Farm Practice

  • Development
  • Girdling

Related location

  • Spain
Impact

A. erythrostoma is a perithecial ascomycete known primarily from Europe, although it has also been reported from eastern Asia. The early spotting of leaves and fruits of Prunus species, particularly cherry and apricot [ Prunus armeniaca ], can result in significant defoliation and loss of yield in certain years when weather conditions are favourable for infection by airborne ascospores. Although there is no record of introduction of the fungus to new areas, which would most likely require transport of trees still bearing infected leaves and fruit, some countries do list it as a quarantine pathogen.

Has Cabi datasheet ID
25542
Symptons

In Spain, pale-green spots appear on cherry [ Prunus spp.] leaves 4-8 wks after infection in the spring. The spots turn yellow to red, depending on the tree variety. Leaves fall prematurely. Reddish spots develop on the fruit and sometimes on the stem (Sanchez and Becedas, 2007). On apricot [ Prunus armeniaca ], spots are yellow to red, may become larger or merge, as they are not limited by leaf veins, and the affected areas or entire leaves become necrotic, turn brown and dry up (Smith et al., 1988). Spots are often irregular with chlorotic margins. Some leaves or fruits may fall prematurely, whereas others remain attached on the tree, providing the distinctive symptom of this disease (Lang, 2004;ERMES Agricoltura, 2009).

Hosts

All Prunus spp. are considered possible hosts (see Hecht and Zinkernagel, 2006), but it is not clear that this would include the invasive species, Prunus serotina. In Korea, the host reported is Prunus serrulata var. spontanea (Cho and Shin, 2004).

Oss tagged
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