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The following description is taken from the Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2016);Perennials, 17Ð100(Ð140) cm, loosely to densely colonial or some??times cespitose, long-rhi?zomatous. Stems 1Ð5+, erect (straight, stout to slender, often reddish), glabrous and hairy in lines distally or sometimes wholly strigoso-pilose (var. villicaule). Leaves thick, firm, ± fleshy, margins scabrous, apices mucronate, faces glabrous, abaxial midveins sometimes villosulous (var. villicaule), basal withering by flowering, petiolate (petioles winged, bases sheathing), blades ovate to ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 17Ð60+ ? 6Ð11+ mm, bases attenuate to cuneate, apices obtuse, proximal cauline withering by flowering, sessile or widely winged-petiolate (petioles clasping), blades lance-ovate or -obovate to elliptic to linear-lanceolate, 40Ð200 ? 4Ð40 mm, bases cuneate or sometimes slightly attenuate, sometimes rounded or slightly auriculate, slightly clasping, apices acute to acuminate, distal sessile, blades lance-ovate to linear-lanceolate, 13Ð62 ? 3Ð15 mm, progressively reduced distally, bases cuneate or ± rounded, sometimes slightly auriculate, ± clasping, margins sparsely serrulate or entire. Heads in open to dense, paniculiform arrays, branches ± divaricate to ascending, leafy with remote, small, gradually reduced branch leaves. Peduncles 4Ð41 mm, glabrous or moderately pilose, bracts 1Ð3, lanceolate or ovate to linear-oblanceolate, subtending ones sometimes exceeding involucres, sometimes grading into phyllaries. Involucres campanulate, 6Ð9 mm. Phyllaries in 3Ð4 series, oblong-oblanceolate or -spatulate (outer) or oblong-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate or linear (inner), ± unequal to subequal, bases indurate 1 / 5 Ð 1 / 3, margins hyaline, scarious, erose and sparsely ciliolate distally, green zones lanceolate, sometimes foliaceous, apices spreading to ± squarrose, usually acute to obtuse or ± long-acuminate, mucronulate, faces glabrous. Ray florets 15Ð35, corollas usually blue-violet or purple, rarely pink or white, laminae (6Ð)10Ð19 ? 0.9Ð2.1 mm. Disc florets 28Ð68, corollas yellow becoming reddish brown to purple, 4Ð7.5 mm, tubes shorter than funnelform-campanulate throats, lobes lanceolate, 1Ð1.5 mm. Cypselae tan to brown, obovoid, compressed, 2Ð4 mm, 4Ð6-nerved, faces sparsely strigose to glabrate, pappi sordid to yellowish, 4Ð6 mm.

Related invasive species

  • Yellows

Related Farm Practice

  • Flora
Has Cabi datasheet ID
7557
Oss tagged
x

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