Ulex europaeus

With the advent of modern fencing methods, it is unlikely that U. europaeus will ever be introduced to another country for this purpose, and it is also unlikely that U. europaeus would be imported in seeds for sowing because the seed is large and an obvious contaminant. However, it could be transported inadvertently in mud on vehicles, on imported animals or in imported livestock feed. It is a declared noxious weed in four states of the USA;California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington (USDA-ARS, 2007).